Create Human Resource Management System in Django

Faraz

By Faraz - September 08, 2024

Learn how to build a Human Resource Management System in Django with this step-by-step guide.

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Creating a Human Resource Management System (HRMS) in Django is a great way to manage employee data, track performance, and streamline HR processes. This guide will walk you through the steps to build a simple yet effective HRMS using Django, a popular web framework for Python. Whether you're a beginner or an experienced developer, this tutorial will help you create a functional HRMS with ease.

Prerequisites

Before we dive in, make sure you have a basic understanding of Django and web development. You'll need the following tools and libraries installed on your machine:

  • Python (version 3.6 or higher)
  • Django (version 3.0 or higher)
  • A text editor or IDE (such as VS Code or PyCharm)
  • Basic knowledge of HTML and CSS

Setting Up the Development Environment

1. Setup Environment

Before you start coding, you need to set up your development environment. Here’s how:

  • Install Python: Ensure Python is installed on your system. You can download it from python.org.
  • Install Django: Open your command prompt or terminal and install Django using pip: 
    pip install django
  • Create a Project Directory: Make a new directory for your project and navigate into it: 
    mkdir hrms_django
	cd hrms_django

2. Create a Django Projec

Start by creating a new Django project:

django-admin startproject hrms
cd hrms

3. Create a Django App

Within your project, create a new app to handle the HRMS features:

python manage.py startapp employee

4. Adding the app to the project

In hrms/settings.py, add employee to the INSTALLED_APPS list:

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'employee',
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
]

Creating the Human Resource Management System App

1. Create Models

Define your models for Employee and LeaveRequest in employee/models.py. These models will represent the data in your HRMS.

from django.db import models
from django.utils import timezone

class Employee(models.Model):
    first_name = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    last_name = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    email = models.EmailField()
    department = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    position = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    hire_date = models.DateField() #2024-09-08
    resignation_date = models.DateField(null=True, blank=True) #2024-09-08

    def __str__(self):
        return f"{self.first_name} {self.last_name}"

class LeaveRequest(models.Model):
    employee = models.ForeignKey(Employee, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    leave_type = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    start_date = models.DateField()
    end_date = models.DateField() #2024-09-08
    reason = models.TextField()
    status = models.CharField(max_length=20, default='Pending')

    def __str__(self):
        return f"{self.employee} - {self.leave_type}"

2. Create Forms

In employee, create a new file named forms.py to handle employee and leave request data:

from django import forms
from .models import Employee, LeaveRequest

class EmployeeForm(forms.ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = Employee
        fields = ['first_name', 'last_name', 'email', 'department', 'position', 'hire_date', 'resignation_date']

class LeaveRequestForm(forms.ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = LeaveRequest
        fields = ['employee', 'leave_type', 'start_date', 'end_date', 'reason']

3. Create Views

Next, we’ll create views to render the templates and handle data. Open employee/views.py and add the following:

from django.shortcuts import render, redirect, get_object_or_404
from .models import Employee, LeaveRequest
from .forms import EmployeeForm, LeaveRequestForm

def employee_list(request):
    employees = Employee.objects.all()
    return render(request, 'employee_list.html', {'employees': employees})

def employee_add(request):
    if request.method == 'POST':
        form = EmployeeForm(request.POST)
        if form.is_valid():
            form.save()
            return redirect('employee_list')
    else:
        form = EmployeeForm()
    return render(request, 'employee_form.html', {'form': form})

def employee_edit(request, pk):
    employee = get_object_or_404(Employee, pk=pk)
    if request.method == 'POST':
        form = EmployeeForm(request.POST, instance=employee)
        if form.is_valid():
            form.save()
            return redirect('employee_list')
    else:
        form = EmployeeForm(instance=employee)
    return render(request, 'employee_form.html', {'form': form})

def leave_request_list(request):
    leave_requests = LeaveRequest.objects.all()
    return render(request, 'leave_request_list.html', {'leave_requests': leave_requests})

def leave_request_add(request):
    if request.method == 'POST':
        form = LeaveRequestForm(request.POST)
        if form.is_valid():
            form.save()
            return redirect('leave_request_list')
    else:
        form = LeaveRequestForm()
    return render(request, 'leave_request_form.html', {'form': form})

4. Create Templates

Create a templates directory within the Employee app and then create base.html, employee_list.html, employee_form.html, leave_request_list.html and leave_request_form.html inside this directory.

base.html

{% load static %}

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>{% block title %}HRMS{% endblock %}</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.5.2/css/bootstrap.min.css">
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static 'styles/custom.css' %}">
    {% block extra_head %}{% endblock %}
</head>
<body>
    <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-dark bg-dark">
        <a class="navbar-brand" href="{% url 'employee_list' %}">HRMS</a>
        <div class="collapse navbar-collapse">
            <ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto">
                <li class="nav-item">
                    <a class="nav-link" href="{% url 'employee_list' %}">Employees</a>
                </li>
                <li class="nav-item">
                    <a class="nav-link" href="{% url 'leave_request_list' %}">Leave Requests</a>
                </li>
            </ul>
        </div>
    </nav>
    <div class="container">
        {% block content %}{% endblock %}
    </div>
    <script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.5.1.slim.min.js"></script>
    <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@popperjs/[email protected]/dist/umd/popper.min.js"></script>
    <script src="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.5.2/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
    {% block extra_scripts %}{% endblock %}
</body>
</html>

employee_list.html

{% extends 'base.html' %}

{% block title %}Employee List{% endblock %}
{% block content %}

    <h1 class="my-4">Employee List</h1>
    <a href="{% url 'employee_add' %}" class="btn btn-success mb-3">Add New Employee</a>
    <table class="table table-striped table-bordered">
        <thead class="thead-dark">
            <tr>
                <th>First Name</th>
                <th>Last Name</th>
                <th>Email</th>
                <th>Department</th>
                <th>Position</th>
                <th>Hire Date</th>
                <th>Resignation Date</th>
                <th>Actions</th>
            </tr>
        </thead>
        <tbody>
            {% for employee in employees %}
                <tr>
                    <td>{{ employee.first_name }}</td>
                    <td>{{ employee.last_name }}</td>
                    <td>{{ employee.email }}</td>
                    <td>{{ employee.department }}</td>
                    <td>{{ employee.position }}</td>
                    <td>{{ employee.hire_date }}</td>
                    <td>{{ employee.resignation_date }}</td>
                    <td>
                        <a href="{% url 'employee_edit' employee.pk %}" class="btn btn-warning btn-sm">Edit</a>
                    </td>
                </tr>
            {% endfor %}
        </tbody>
    </table>
{% endblock %}

employee_form.html

{% extends 'base.html' %}

{% block title %}{% if form.instance.pk %}Edit{% else %}Add{% endif %} Employee{% endblock %}

{% block content %}
    <h1 class="my-4">{% if form.instance.pk %}Edit{% else %}Add{% endif %} Employee</h1>
    <form method="post">
        {% csrf_token %}
        {{ form.as_p }}
        <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Save</button>
    </form>
{% endblock %}

leave_request_list.html

{% extends 'base.html' %}

{% block title %}Leave Requests{% endblock %}

{% block content %}
    <h1 class="my-4">Leave Requests</h1>
    <a href="{% url 'leave_request_add' %}" class="btn btn-success mb-3">Add New Leave Request</a>
    <table class="table table-striped table-bordered">
        <thead class="thead-dark">
            <tr>
                <th>Employee</th>
                <th>Leave Type</th>
                <th>Start Date</th>
                <th>End Date</th>
                <th>Reason</th>
                <th>Status</th>
            </tr>
        </thead>
        <tbody>
            {% for leave_request in leave_requests %}
                <tr>
                    <td>{{ leave_request.employee }}</td>
                    <td>{{ leave_request.leave_type }}</td>
                    <td>{{ leave_request.start_date }}</td>
                    <td>{{ leave_request.end_date }}</td>
                    <td>{{ leave_request.reason }}</td>
                    <td>{{ leave_request.status }}</td>
                </tr>
            {% endfor %}
        </tbody>
    </table>
{% endblock %}

leave_request_form.html

{% extends 'base.html' %}

{% block title %}Add Leave Request{% endblock %}

{% block content %}
    <h1 class="my-4">Add Leave Request</h1>
    <form method="post">
        {% csrf_token %}
        {{ form.as_p }}
        <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Submit</button>
    </form>
{% endblock %}

5. Set Up URL Routing

Add a URL pattern for your view. In employee/urls.py (create this file if it doesn't exist), add:

from django.urls import path
from .views import employee_list, employee_add, employee_edit, leave_request_list, leave_request_add

urlpatterns = [
    path('', employee_list, name='employee_list'),
    path('add/', employee_add, name='employee_add'),
    path('edit//', employee_edit, name='employee_edit'),
    path('leave-requests/', leave_request_list, name='leave_request_list'),
    path('leave-requests/add/', leave_request_add, name='leave_request_add'),
]

Include the app's URLs in your project's URL configuration. Open hrms/urls.py and include the human resource management system app URLs:

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path, include

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('', include('employee.urls')),
]

Run Your Server

1. Run Migrations

Run migrations to update the database schema:

python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate

2. Start the Development Server

python manage.py runserver

Open your browser and go to http://127.0.0.1:8000/ to see your human resource management system app in action.

Full Human Resource Management System App Project Structure

hrms/
│
├── hrms/
│   ├── __init__.py
│   ├── asgi.py
│   ├── settings.py
│   ├── urls.py
│   ├── wsgi.py
│
├── employee/
│   ├── __init__.py
│   ├── admin.py
│   ├── apps.py
│   ├── forms.py
│   ├── models.py
│   ├── tests.py
│   ├── urls.py
│   ├── views.py
│   ├── migrations/
│   │   └── __init__.py
│   └── templates/
│           ├── base.html
│           ├── employee_list.html
│           ├── employee_form.html
│           ├── leave_request_list.html
│           └── leave_request_form.html
└── manage.py

Conclusion

With this guide, you’ve successfully created a Human Resource Management System in Django, featuring essential functions like adding and editing employees, managing leave requests, and handling resignation dates. By using a base HTML template, you’ve ensured a modern and consistent UI across your application. Keep refining and adding features to tailor the system to your specific needs.

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That’s a wrap!

I hope you enjoyed this article

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Thanks!
Faraz 😊

Tags: human resource management system in django, django hrms guide, build hrms in django, hrms features django, hrms django, django hrms, human resource management system django development guide, build hr management system with django, hr management system django
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